Thermal physics is a branch of physics that studies the movement of heat and how it affects matter. It involves studying the behavior of particles at the microscopic level, as well as how they interact with each other and their surroundings. Thermal physics includes various concepts such as temperature, heat transfer, phase transitions, thermodynamics, and the properties of materials at different temperatures. This research area is essential for understanding a wide range of phenomena, from the behavior of gases and liquids to the workings of engines and refrigerators. By studying thermal physics, scientists can better predict and control the behavior of systems in a wide range of fields, from engineering and environmental science to astronomy and particle physics.